Herbal, Nutritional, and Traditional Remedies for Giardiasis: Phytochemicals as Drug Candidates
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2024
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Giardiasis is an infectious intestinal disease caused by the protist Giardia duodenalis (synonyms: Giardia lamblia, Giardia intestinalis), which is a water- transmitted, anaerobic parasite. Global occurrence of giardiasis ranges within 20–60%, while only 2–7% incidence is observed in developed nations [1] Thus, there is a closer association of this disease with impoverished sectors that have limited access to medical care. For this reason, giardiasis has been incorporated in the Neglected Diseases Initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) since 2006 [2, 3]. Giardia is a commonly identified etiological agent behind traveler’s diarrhea with anthropo-zoonotic transmission potential and may also impair the health conditions of food-productive animals [4]. Certain parameters regarding the disease trajectories, biology of the causal organism, and course of remediation involving allopathic and herbal drugs need to be mentioned in order to have a clear understanding in order to proffer lasting solution.